Global Progress Towards Ending the Sexual Exploitation of Children
A global problem requires truly global solutions to address the sexual exploitation of children.
Indicators
Age of Consent
Yes
Age of sexual consent in 18 years. The national legislation provides for a three years close-in-age exemption.
Analysis of country legislation on age of sexual consent, 2024
Extraterritoriality & Extradition
Partial
Extraterritorial jurisdiction is only recognised under specific laws for CSAM related offences (active extraterritoriality under section 166A(1-c) of the Cyber Security and Data Protection Bill) and trafficking offences (active and passive extraterritoriality under sections 7a and 7d of the Trafficking in Persons Act. Double criminality is not required.
Extraditable offences are those established in agreements ratified by Zimbabwe (Section 2 of the Extradition Act). In the absence of an agreement, extraditable offences are those crimes punished with at least one year of imprisonment under the law of the requesting country and which constitute an offence punishable under the law in Zimbabwe (Section 14 of the Extradition Act). Double criminality applies in these cases, although the Extradition Act contemplates the possibility of excluding double criminality in the framework of an extradition agreement under Section 2.
Criminal Law (Codification and Reform) Act of Zimbabwe,
Cyber Security and Data Protection Bill,
Trafficking in Persons Act,
Extradition Act, 2004, 2019 ,2014 (status as of 2016), 1982 (status as of 1997)
CSAM Definition
Not Yet Assessed
Background Check Required
Not Yet Assessed
National Commitments
Not Yet Assessed
Child Advocacy Centers
Not Yet Assessed
SEC Police Unit
Not Yet Assessed
Protection Standards Travel and Tourism
Not Yet Assessed
Public SEC Case Data
Not Yet Assessed
Age of Consent Law is Appropriate
The age of sexual consent for both males and females is 18 and a close in age exemption (up to 3 years) is provided for consensual sexual relationships between adolescents.
The age of sexual consent is the legally defined age at which a person is considered mature enough to agree to sexual activity. The age of sexual consent varies across jurisdictions around the world and there is no international legal instrument establishing it, however various forms of advocacy have encouraged States to establish a minimum age under which engaging in sexual contact is considered a criminal offence. This is intended to prevent sexual contact with children and to prevent argument that the child consented as a defence.
Often national provisions related to the age of sexual consent include an exception, known as a close-in-age exemption, making consensual sexual activities between young people lawful if the partners are of similar ages and the age difference is not higher than a certain number of years.
To ensure that cases of child sexual exploitation do not go unpunished, ECPAT advocates for the age of sexual consent to be set at 18 for both males and females with a close-in-age exemption of 2-3 years provided in order to ensure young people are not penalised for consensual sexual acts with peers. The age from which the exemption applies should be established by States but may begin for young people somewhere between 12 and 16 years of age.
Yes The national legislation explicitly indicates that the age of sexual consent unequivocally is 18 for both males and females, with a close-in-age exemption for sexual acts between peers (of up to 3 years) is provided by law.